SINCE World war 2, medical science has progressed to some stage where competitive medications are around to treat the same ailment in various people. This isn’t almost brands (the industry trade issue) but generic drugs (the industry scientific issue). In this report, we shall consider the various factors that decide selecting a certain drug.
Safety: These sub-criteria should be considered within the criterion of safety:
* Acute therapeutic index: In the event the patient’s condition is acute, how effective can be a particular drug even though it has certain side-effects as long as the acuteness in the condition is lowered? Example: narcotic pain-killers work well in healing pain but come with the opportunity side-effect of addiction.
* Long-term safety: drug could be safe in short-term treatment, but how safe it really is in long-term treatment? Example: antibiotics are acceptable in short-term treatment, but sometimes have undesirable effects in case there is prolonged use.
* Drug-drug interaction risk: Prescription medication is chemicals, and a lot of chemicals react to create a different chemical, that have an effect that may harm the patient or aggravate his/her condition. Example: A tricyclic anti-depressant and alcohol interact to produce a new condition that warrants separate treatment.
Drug-drug interaction risk is of 2 types:
· Pharmacokinetic: In this kind of drug-drug interaction, two drugs, separate from one another, have certain effects one or more body processes (e.g., metabolism) that affects the performance in the other. Example: Darvocet-N (propoxyphene and acetaminophen) inhibits the act of a liver enzyme that Lexapro (escitalopram) is dependent upon for the metabolism. This causes an increase in the side-effects of Lexapro.
· Pharmacodynamic: Here, a couple of drugs actually make the same effect on the same organ, thus increasing the total, added effect. Example: Lexapro has certain side-effects such as drowsiness and fatigue. Darvocet-N also acts similarly on the brain. Thus, the side-effects of the two prescription medication is more serious.
Tolerability: A medicine could be effective and not tolerable by all patients. Example: Allergies to particular drugs in certain people. Short-term and long-term tolerability must be taken into account. Efficacy: A medicine is not equally great at all patients. For instance, some patients with depression or anxiety attacks experience reduced escitalopram, but there are lots of that do not, who therefore must be prescribed another anti-depressant. The pace of onset of therapeutic action is a vital factor to be looked at too.
Cost: Cost does not necessarily mean the price tag on purchase of a certain medicine alone. It should also cover the price tag on management of a complication that may arise from using another drug. Example: Inside a individual who insists on taking alcohol nevertheless should be treated for depression is generally administered an SSRI drug as these drugs don’t potentiate the results of alcohol, whereas another number of anti-depressants (such as tricyclics) may cause a fresh symptom in such patients, which would demand a various and expensive treatment. Therefore, it’s preferable to prescribe the more expensive escitalopram instead of a cheaper tricyclic in these patients.
Simplicity of treatment: Most effective mode of administration is preferred. If there is an alternative between a shot and oral administration, aforementioned is preferred if your efficacy of the two modes is the identical. Or, local application is chosen over the oral route where possible; e.g., antibiotic management of eye infections. Dosage and frequency of administration too are a key point to make a decision simple treatment.
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